A penalty for too much wind (not flat)
If the boat tips too much, you slow down or even lose control a bit and round up. Sailors who sail through a gust without adjusting to kill it off by pinching or letting a sail out a bit will slow down (when beating) or round up. When going 90 degrees or greater from the wind, they slow because of boat tipping.
Comment by: David Dewis
We need the ability to reef and the ability to capsize